Damascus, March 20 (SANA) On March 21, Syrian Kurds celebrate Newroz as a traditional and national occasion marking the start of spring and the renewal of life. The festival also reflects their enduring cultural presence within Syrian society.
The term “Newroz ,” meaning “new day,” combines two Kurdish words — “new” and “day” — symbolizing rebirth and the transition into a new season, according to Encyclopedia Britannica.
A celebration of identity and continuity
Newroz represents more than a seasonal celebration. It embodies hope, renewal and the continuity of traditions preserved across generations within Kurdish communities.
The occasion serves as a unifying event, expressing identity and belonging while reinforcing values of solidarity and renewal. This is reflected in UNESCO’s recognition of Newroz in 2009 as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
Rituals rooted in community life
Celebrations are expressed through longstanding social rituals, beginning with family preparations such as buying new clothes and preparing traditional sweets, and extending to gatherings in open spaces and nature.
Food plays a central role, bringing families and friends together and strengthening social bonds. Cultural and artistic activities including folk performances, poetry evenings and public celebrations reflect joy and a deep attachment to heritage.
Fire remains the most prominent symbol of Newroz , representing light, renewal and the triumph of life over darkness.
From classical poetry to cultural memory
Newroz has a long-standing presence in Arabic literature, particularly during the Abbasid era, when it became associated with social gatherings and the exchange of gifts.
Abdul Wahab Birani, a scholar of Kurdish studies, told SANA: “During the Abbasid period, Newroz evolved into a prominent official celebration, amid a vibrant intellectual and scientific climate, with a keen interest in engaging with other cultural traditions. This contributed to reviving the festival and restoring its prominence.”
At the time, gifts often reflected social status. Poets would present verses to rulers, artisans offered crafted goods such as swords, and merchants gave money. The occasion inspired a rich body of poetry, with figures such as Ibn al-Rumi, Abu Nuwas, al-Buhturi and al-Mutanabbi reflecting themes of renewal, love and social values.
Symbolism of fire and the legend of Kawa
Birani noted that Kurdish traditions link Newroz to the legend of Kawa the Blacksmith, who revolted against the tyrant Azdahak and lit a fire to signal the end of oppression.
Since then, fire has symbolized victory, liberation and the triumph of light over darkness. The festival reflects broader principles of justice over oppression and freedom over tyranny, reaffirming each year a shared belief in renewal and resilience.
From restriction to recognition
In the past, Newroz celebrations faced restrictions in some periods, particularly regarding public gatherings and the lighting of fires, sometimes accompanied by arrests and limitations.
Today, the festival is officially recognized as a public holiday in Syria after liberation. Presidential Decree No. 13, issued on January 16, 2026, designated March 21 as a national holiday, marking a shift toward greater recognition of Syria’s cultural diversity and Kurdish heritage.
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